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"Weeds are flowers too, once you get to know them."

Eeyore, from A. A. Milne's Winnie the Pooh

Deer and Gardens

A question I am asked frequently is "What can I plant that deer do not eat?" Well, the answer is unfortunately not much. Deer are grazers, and when faced with food shortages, they will eat just about anything. One thing you can do is to plant a garden with plants, shrubs and trees the deer do not care for, in the hopes they will go somewhere else to eat.
Here are some tips to keep in mind:
  • Plant what deer don't want. Plan your garden before you buy plants. Know what plants are deer resistant and buy them, versus impulse purchases.
  • Create a physical barrier. Build an 7'+ fence around your yard. This option is not usually a viable option for most people. Deer do not like confinement, so if you have a relatively small garden, you can place a 4" fence around the garden, and the deer will not be very likely to enter the enclosure.
  • Repel deer with taste and smell. Rotten eggs and garlic seem to be two of the most effective deterrents around. You'll be most successful if you put the repellents out when you first see deer damage or begin to notice deer hanging around. Commercial repellents are also available. Just make sure to follow the directions carefully.
  • Scare the deer away. Deer's defense is to run. When they hear noises or see motion, they will run away. You can place noise makers in the garden, but make sure to move them frequently, since deer can get used to the noise. There is a motion detector that will spray water. A good farm dog is one of the best deterrents.

Deer Resistant Plants

Shrubs

  • Bamboo
  • Barberry
  • Bayberry
  • Beauty Bush
  • Butterfly Bush
  • Boxwood
  • Heather
  • California Lilac
  • Quince
  • Mexican Orange
  • Holly
  • St. John's Wort
  • Drooping Leucothoe
  • Forsythia Inkberry
  • Japanese Kerria
  • Oregon Grape Holly
  • Russian Olive
  • Juniper
  • Nandinia
  • Rhododenrons
  • Sumac
  • Lilac
  • Viburnum

Trees

  • American Holly
  • Beech
  • Birch: European, White, Paper
  • Catalpa
  • Corkscrew Willow
  • Dogwood: Red Osier, Kousa
  • Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperis virginiana)
  • English Hawthorn
  • Ginkgo
  • Hickory
  • Japanese Flowering Cherry
  • Locust: Black, Honey
  • Mimosa
  • Pine
  • Sassafras, Common
  • Smoke Tree
  • Sourwood
  • Spruce: Colorado Blue, Norway, White
  • Sweet Gum
  • Sycamore
  • Tulip Tree

Perennials

  • Columbine
  • Yarrow
  • Alyssum
  • Astilbe
  • Asters
  • Bee Balm
  • Coral Bells (Heuchera)
  • Coreopsis
  • Forget-me-not
  • Flax
  • Foxglove
  • Bleeding Hearts
  • Coneflower
  • Wallflower
  • Ferns
  • Blue Fescue
  • Hellebore
  • Hibiscus
  • Monkshood
  • Daylily
  • Evergreen Candytuft
  • Most herbs
  • Lavender
  • Lupine
  • Grasses (decorative)
  • Oriental Poppy
  • Peony
  • Penstemons
  • Gloriosa Daisy
  • Salvia 
  • Scabiosa
  • Lamb's Ears
  • Thyme
  • Verbena
  • Viola
  • Yucca

Annuals

  • Ageratum
  • Dusty Miller
  • French Marigold
  • Lantana
  • Larkspur
  • Lobelia
  • Morning Glory
  • Moonflower
  • Nasturtium Ornamental pepper
  • Snapdragon
  • Stock
  • Wax Begonia
  • Zinnia

Herbs

  • Angelica
  • Anise Hyssop
  • Basil
  • Catmint
  • Chamomile
  • Chives
  • Comfrey
  • Dill
  • Fennel
  • Lamb's ears
  • Lavender
  • Lavender Cotton
  • Lemon Balm
  • Mint
  • Mullein
  • Oregano
  • Parsley
  • Rosemary
  • Sage
  • Thyme

Bulbs

  • Crocus
  • Daffodils, Jonquil, Narcissus
  • Crown Imperial
  • Glory of the Snow
  • Grape Hyacinth
  • Siberian Squill
  • Snowdrop
  • Snowflake
  • Striped Squill Surprise Lily
  • Various Flowering Onions
  • Winter Aconite

Ground Cover

  • Ajuga
  • Ivy
  • Heather
  • Bearberry
  • Bergenia
  • Dead Nettle
  • Ferns
  • Indian Strawberry
  • Junipers
  • Lady's Mantle
  • Lily-of-the-Valley
  • Mosses
  • Pachysandra
  • Potentilla
  • Sedum
  • Snow-in-Summer
  • Vinca Minor